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The Madison Avenue Field GuideA field guide to marketing & advertising, by Brandon Mina

GlossaryAdtech & ProgrammaticDynamic Creative Optimization (DCO)

Adtech & Programmatic

Dynamic Creative Optimization (DCO)

Technology that assembles and tests ad variations in real time based on data about the viewer.

By Brandon MinaCEO, BrandPilot AIUpdated November 2026

Short answer

Dynamic creative optimization (DCO) is ad technology that automatically assembles ad variations from components, such as images, headlines, offers and calls to action, based on data about the viewer and context. It tests combinations in real time and serves better performers. DCO enables personalization at scale without manually designing every individual ad version.